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Earth Sciences RSS FeedsNew theory of why midcontinent faults produce earthquakes - (Purdue University) A new theory developed at Purdue University may solve the mystery of why the New Madrid fault, which lies in the middle of the continent and not along a tectonic plate boundary, produces large earthquakes such as the ones that shook the eastern United States in 1811 and 1812....Feed Source: www.eurekalert.org From the heart: How cells divide to form different but related muscle groups - (National Science Foundation) Using the model organism Ciona intestinalis, commonly known as the sea squirt, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have uncovered the origins of the second heart field in vertebrates.... Reforestation projects capture more carbon than industrial plantations, reveals new research - (Wiley-Blackwell) Australian scientists researching environmental restoration projects have found that the reforestation of damaged rainforests is more efficient at capturing carbon than controversial softwood monoculture plantations. The research, published in Ecological Management & Restoration, challenges traditional views on the efficiency of industrial monoculture plantations.... University of Nevada, Reno tests cutting-edge technology for underwater mapping at Tahoe basin - (University of Nevada, Reno) A borrowed boat, a small mountain lake and the inaugural run of a half-a-million dollar state-of-the-art multi-beam sonar system made history this month with the successful high-definition mapping of the bottom of Fallen Leaf Lake, a tributary lake just upstream from Lake Tahoe.... More frequent, more intense heat waves in store for New York - (City College of New York) Heat waves like those that baked the Northeast in July are likely to be more frequent and more intense in the future, with their effects amplified in densely built urban environments like Manhattan, according to climate scientists at the City College of New York.... Rocks on Mars may provide link to evidence of living organisms roughly 4 billion years ago - (Elsevier) A new article in press of the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters unveils groundbreaking research on the hydrothermal formation of clay-carbonate rocks in the Nili Fossae region of Mars. The findings may provide a link to evidence of living organisms on Mars, roughly 4 billion years ago in the Noachian period.... Carnegie's Larry Nittler elected meteoritical Fellow - (Carnegie Institution) Department of Terrestrial Magnetism staff member Larry Nittler has been elected a fellow of the Meteoritical Society. Society fellows are "members who have distinguished themselves in meteoritics or allied sciences." Just 1 percent of the membership can be elected by the society's council on even-numbered years. ... Highlight of the Polarstern expedition - (Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres) The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz Association for the first time sent its autonomous underwater vehicle on an under-ice mission at about 79 degrees North. ... Signs of reversal of Arctic cooling in some areas - (Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres) Parts of the Arctic have cooled clearly over the past century, but temperatures have been rising steeply since 1990 also there. This is the finding of a summer temperature reconstruction for the past 400 years produced by tree rings from regions beyond the Arctic Circle. German and Russian researchers analysed tree growth using ring width of pine from Russia's Kola Peninsula and compared their findings with similar studies from other parts of the Arctic.... Empa grows 'sea urchin'-shaped structures - (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA)) Empa researchers have succeeded in growing sea-urchin shaped nanostructures from minute balls of polystyrene beads using a simple electrochemical process. The spines of the sea urchin consist of zinc oxide nanowires. The structured surface should help increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic devices.... Ancient reptiles 'make tracks' - (University of Bristol) A new discovery of fossilized footprints reveals when reptiles first conquered dry land.... Sandia National Laboratories and SunPower Corp. extend solar energy research partnership - (DOE/Sandia National Laboratories) Sandia National Laboratories and SunPower Corp. recently formalized an agreement to conduct research on integrating large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems into the grid. By signing a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement, the organizations will leverage approximately $1 million of combined US Department of Energy and SunPower funding. Additionally, a consortium led by SunPower, which includes Sandia as a partner, was recently awarded a $1 million grant from the California Solar Initiative to improve modeling of high-penetration PV systems.... Ancient DNA identifies donkey ancestors, people who domesticated them - (University of Florida) In a finding that says much about the people who lived in northern Africa 5,000 years ago, scientists believe domestication of the donkey was achieved by nomadic people responding to the growing borders of the Sahara. Scientists also determined the endangered African wild ass is the living ancestor of the modern donkey and found hints that one strain of African wild ass thought to be extinct may still be alive.... NJIT professor receives Fulbright to study at University of Salerno - (New Jersey Institute of Technology) Anthony D. Rosato, Ph.D., a professor in the department of mechanical and industrial engineering at NJIT has received a Fulbright Senior Research Award to study the dynamic behavior of systems composed of particles at the University of Salerno, in Fisciano, Italy. He'll start the four-month program next May.... Study suggests swimmers at sub-tropical beaches show increased risk of illness - (University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science) A yearlong beach study led by a team of University of Miami researchers suggests that swimmers at sub-tropical beaches face an increased risk of illness. The multidisciplinary team examined the risk of illness that beachgoers face when exposed to recreational marine water at sub-tropical beaches with no known source of pollution or contamination. ... Nanotechnology for water purification - (Inderscience Publishers) Writing in the International Journal of Nuclear Desalination, researchers at the D.J. Sanghvi College of Engineering, in Mumbai, India, explain that there are several nanotechnology approaches to water purification currently being investigated and some already in use.... Best hope for saving Arctic sea ice is cutting soot emissions, says Stanford researcher - (Stanford University) Soot from the burning of fossil fuels and solid biofuels contributes far more to global warming than has been thought, according to a new Stanford study. But, unlike carbon dioxide, soot lingers only a few weeks in the atmosphere, so cutting emissions could have a significant and rapid impact on the climate. Controlling it may be the only option for saving the Arctic sea ice before it all melts. ... Sensing wind speed with kites - (American Institute of Physics) UK researchers report in the journal Review of Scientific Instruments have developed a way to use a kite itself to measure wind speed.... A future with or without trees - (Marine Biological Laboratory) In a study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Gillian Galford and her colleagues at the MBL Ecosystems Center, Brown University and Universidade de São Paulo estimate future emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane in the Brazilian Amazon state of Mato Grosso. The estimates were made by combining 105 years of historical data on land-use changes with possible scenarios for future deforestation and land use in the region.... University of Hawaii completes 3-year investigation of military munitions sea disposal site - (University of Hawaii at Manoa) The University of Hawaii at Manoa's School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology completed a three-year long investigation of Sea Disposal Site Hawaii Number 5, a deep-water military munitions disposal site in US coastal waters approximately 5 miles south of Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii.This complex investigation required the use of high-resolution sidescan sonar and remotely operated underwater vehicles to locate sea disposed munitions in water as deep as 1,500 feet. ... Eddies against the wall - (American Institute of Physics) Fluids experts writing in the journal Physics of Fluids, which is published by the American Institute of Physics, are projecting it will be many decades before we can accurately probe the properties of turbulence near walls.... Getting a step ahead of pathogens - (American Institute of Physics) A recent article in the journal Chaos examines the possibility of using epistasis to predict the outcome of the evolutionary processes, especially when the evolving units are pathogens such as viruses.... Artificially controlling water condensation leads to 'room-temperature ice' - (American Institute of Physics) Researchers in Spain have studied the underlying mechanisms of water condensation in the troposphere and found a way to make artificial materials to control water condensation and trigger ice formation at room temperature -- all described in the Journal of Chemical Physics.... Academy scientist honored with top fish award - (The Academy of Natural Sciences) The Academy of Natural Sciences' top fish scientist has received the Robert H. Gibbs Jr. Memorial Award for his lifetime achievement in advancing fundamental knowledge of fish diversity. The honor to Dr. John Lundberg, the academy's curator and chaplin chair of the Ichthyology Department, was announced earlier this month in Rhode Island. ... Findings show promise for nuclear fusion test reactors - (Purdue University) Researchers have discovered mechanisms critical to interactions between hot plasma and surfaces facing the plasma inside a thermonuclear fusion reactor, part of work aimed at developing coatings capable of withstanding the grueling conditions inside the reactors.... Copyright © 2010, 795hosting-TopLinks. All Rights Reserved. |